Comparative Studies of Quran

Comparative Studies of Quran

A comparative study of how God spoke to Prophet Moses (pbuh) In Sunni and Shiite interpretations, Emphasizing verse 30 of Surah Al-Qasas

Document Type : Original

Author
mojtaba moslehi
P.H.D student of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Abstract
The interpretation of the verses in which the word of God is spoken is one of the unresolved differences that has always existed among the commentators. One of the verses that refer to the word of God and the commentators have offered different views in interpreting it based on their beliefs and opinions, is verse 30 of Surah Al-Qasas. This verse refers to how God Almighty spoke to Prophet Moses (pbuh). Shiite and Sunni commentators have expressed different views on this verse, which can be divided into five categories: 1- God spoke to Moses with His voice. 2- God spoke to Moses with the Speech of nafsi which is without letters and sounds. 3- God spoke to Prophet Moses (pbuh) by creating sounds in a tree. 4- God spoke to Moses (pbuh) by appearing in a tree. 5- God spoke to Moses through revelation and through the angel of revelation. In the present article, all perspectives were reviewed and evaluated in a descriptive-analytical method with a critical orientation and it was concluded that only the fifth view - due to the compatibility with the various aspects of the syntax mentioned for the verse as well as the compatibility with other verses of the Qur'an - is the correct interpretation
Keywords
The Word of God
Prophet Moses (pbuh)
verse 30 of Surah Al-Qasas
Shiite and Sunni commentators

Subjects

  1. The Holy Quran.

    1. Ale Ghazi, Abdul Qadir (1382 AH): "Statement of Meanings", Damascus: Al-Tarqi Press.
    2. Alusi, Mahmoud ibn Abdullah (1415 AH): "the Spirit of Meanings in the Interpretation of the Great Qur'an", Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Almiya.
    3. Ibn Abi Hatam, Abdul Rahman Ibn Muhammad (1419 AH): "Tafsir Al-Quran Al-Azim", Riyadh: Nizar Mustafa Al-Baz Library.
    4. Ibn Shahr Ashob, Muhammad ibn Ali (1369 SH): "Similar to the Qur'an and different", Qom: Bidar.
    5. Ibn Ashour, Muhammad Tahir (1420 AH): "Interpretation of Writing and Enlightenment", Beirut: Arab History Foundation.
    6. Ibn Atiyah, Abdul Haq Ibn Ghalib (1422 AH): "Al-Muharar Al-Wajiz fi Tafsir Ketab al-aziz", Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Alamiya.
    7. Ibn Kathir, Ismail Ibn Umar (1419 AH): "Tafsir Al-Quran Al-Azeem", Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Alamiya.
    8. Abu al-Saud, Muhammad ibn Muhammad (1983 AD): "Guidance of the Common Sense to the Benefits of the Holy Quran", Beirut: Dar Al-Ihyaa Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
    9. Abu al-Futuh Razi, Husayn ibn Ali (1408 AH): "Rawz al-Jannan and Ruh al-Jannan fi Tafsi al-Quran", Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi.
    10. Abu Hayyan, Muhammad ibn Yusuf (1420 AH): "al-Bahr al-Mohit fi al-Tafsir", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
    11. Amin, Nusrat Begum (No date): "Makhzam al-Erfan ", (No Place), Anonymous.
    12. Bahrani, Hashim ibn Sulayman (1415 AH): "Al-Burhan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran", Qom: Al-Baath Foundation.
    13. Badawi, Abdul Rahman (1997 AD): "Islamic Religions", Beirut: Dar al-Alam.
    14. Boroujerdi, Hussein ibn Reza (1416 AH): "Tafsir al-Surat al-Mustaqim", Qom: Ansarians.
    15. Baghui, Hussein ibn Massoud (1420 AH): "Ma'alim al-Tanzil", Beirut: Dar Al-Ihyaa Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
    16. Beizawi, Abdullah ibn Umar (1418 AH): "the lights of revelation and the secrets of interpretation", Beirut: Dar Al-Ihyaa Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
    17. Taftazani, Saad al-Din (1409 AH): "Sharh Al-Maqassid", Qom: Al-Sharif Al-Radhi.
    18. Tha'alabi, Abdul Rahman ibn Muhammad (1418 AH): "Al-Jawahir Al-Hassan in the Interpretation of the Qur'an", Beirut: Dar Al-Ihya Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
    19. Jorjani, Hussein ibn Hassan (1378 AH): "Jala'a al-Azhan wa Jalaa al-Ahzan", Tehran: University of Tehran.
    20. Haeri Tehrani, Ali (1338 SH): "Muqtaniyat al-Dorar", Tehran: Dar al-Kitab al-Islamiya.
    21. Hejazi, Mohammad Mahmoud (1413 AH): "clear interpretation", Beirut: Dar Al-Jail.
    22. Haqi Barsawi, Ismail ibn Mustafa (N.D): "Tafsir Ruh al-Bayyan", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
    23. Halli, Hassan ibn Yusuf (N.D): "Discover the purpose",Translation and commentary Abolhassan Sha'rani, Tehran: Islamic Publications.
    24. Hawizi, Abdul Ali ibn Juma (1415 AH): "Noor al-Thaqalain, Qom: Ismailis.
    25. Khafaji, Ahmad ibn Muhammad (1417 AH): "Enayat al-Qazi wa Kifaya al-Razi ala Tafsir al-beizawi", Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Alamiya.
    26. Daruzeh, Mohammad Ezza (1421 AH): "Tafsir al-Hadith", Beirut: Dar al-Gharb al-Islami.
    27. Zohili, Wahbah (1422 AH): "Al-Tafsir Al-Wasit", Damascus: Dar Al-Fikr.
    28. Zamakhshari, Mahmud bin Umar (1407 AH): " al-Kashaf an Haqaeiq Ghwamaz al-Tanzil", Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi.
    29. Sobhani, Jafar (1414 AH): "Research in Nations and Settlement", Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute.
    30. ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ(1423 AH): "Lectures on Theology", Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute.
    31. ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ(1383 SH): "Manshour Javid, Volume II", Qom: Imam Sadegh (AS) Institute.
    32. Samarkandi, Nasr ibn Muhammad (1416 AH): "Tafsir Bahr al-Ulum", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
    33. Sayyid Murteza, Ali ibn al-Hussein (1431 AH): "Tafsir al-Sharif al-Murteza", Beirut: Scientific Foundation for Publications.
    34. Siouti, Abdul Rahman ibn Abi Bakr (1404 AH): "Al-Dur Al-Manthur Fi Al-Tafsir Bal-Maa'thur", Qom: Public Library of Grand Ayatollah Marashi Najafi.
    35. Shah Abdul Azimi, Hussein (1363 SH): "Tafsir Esna Ashri", Tehran: Miqat.
    36. Shobbar, Abdullah (1407 AH): "Al-Jawhar al-Thameen fi Tafsir al-katab al-Mubin", Kuwait: Al-Fayn Library.
    37. Sheibani, Muhammad ibn Hassan (1413 AH): "Nahj al-Bayyan on the discovery of the meanings of the Qur'an", Qom: Al-Hadi Publishing.
    38. Sheikh Zadeh, Muhammad ibn Mustafa (1419 AH): "Hashieh Mohi al-Din Sheikh Zadeh on the tafsir al-Qazi al-Bayzawi", Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Alamiya.
    39. Sadeghi Tehrani, Mohammad (1406 AH): "Al-Furqan in the interpretation of the Qur'an with the Qur'an and Sunnah", Qom: Islamic culture.
    40. Saduq, Muhammad ibn Ali (1398 AH): "Al-Tawhid", Qom: Society of Teachers.
    41. Tabatabai, Mohammad Hussein (1390 AH): "Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an", Beirut: Scientific Foundation for Publications.
    42. Tabarsi, Fazl ibn Hassan (1372 SH): "Majma al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an", Tehran: Nasser Khosrow.
    43. Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1412 AH): "Jami’ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an", Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah.
    44. Tantawi, Muhammad Sayyid (1997 AD): "Al-Tafsir al-Wasit for the Holy Quran", Cairo: Egyptian Movement.
    45. Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hassan (1406 AH): "al-Eqtesad Fi ma Yataalaq B-l-Eateqad", Beirut, Dar al-Azwa.
    46. ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ(N.D): "Al-Tabyan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran", Beirut: Dar Al-Ihyaa Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
    47. Tayyib, Abdul Hussein (1369 SH): "Atyab al-Bayyan fi Tafsir al-Quran", Tehran: Islam.
    48. Ameli, ibn Abi Jame (1413 AH): "Al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Aziz", Qom: Dar Al-Quran Al-Karim.
    49. Abbasi, Babak (1393 SH): "Tajlli ", Encyclopedia of the Islamic World, Volume 6, pp 588-593.
    50. Fakhr Razi, Muhammad ibn Umar (1420 AH): "Mafatih al-Ghayb", Beirut: Dar Ihyaa al-Tarath al-Arabi.
    51. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ(2004 AD): "Ma'alim Usul al-Din", Cairo: Al-Azhariya School for Heritage.
    52. Fazlullah, Muhammad Hussein (1419 AH): "Min Wahy al-Qur'an", Beirut: Dar al-Malak.
    53. Faiz Kashani, Muhammad ibn Shah Murtaza (1415 AH): "Tafsir al-Safi", Tehran: Sadr Library.
    54. Qasimi, Jamaluddin (1418 AH): "Mahasin al-Tawwil", Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Alamiya.
    55. Qazi Abdul Jabbar. Abu al-Hassan (1422 AH): "explanation of the five principles", Beirut: Dar Al-Ahya Al-Tarath Al-Arabi.
    56. Qarshi, Ali Akbar (1375 SH): "Tafsir Ahsan al-Hadith", Tehran: Besat Foundation.
    57. Qurtubi, Muhammad ibn Ahmad (1364 SH): "Al-Jami’ al-Ahkam al-Qur’an", Tehran: Nasser Khosrow.
    58. Qoshairi, Abdul Karim ibn Hawazan (2000 AD): "Latayef al-Isharat", Cairo: The Egyptian Public Library.
    59. Qutb, Syed (1425 AH): "Fi Zelalal-Qur'an", Beirut: Dar Al-Shorouk.
    60. Qomi Mashhadi,Mohammad (1368 SH): "Kanz al-Daqa’iq va Bahr al-Ghara’ib", Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
    61. Qomi, Ali ibn abrahim (1363 SH): "Tafsir al-Qomi", Qom: Dar al-Kitab.
    62. Ghoshgi, Molla Ali (D): "Sharh al-Tajrid", Qom: Al-Sharif Al-Radhi.
    63. Kashani, Fathlullah ibn Shukrollah (1423 AH): "Zabdat al-Tafasir", Qom: Islamic Knowledge Foundation.
    64. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ(D): "Manhaj al-Sadiqin fi Ilzam al-Mukhlifin", Tehran: Islamic Bookstore.
    65. Lahiji, Abdul Razzaq (1364 SH): "Gohar Morad", Tehran: Tahoori.
    66. Lahiji, Muhammad ibn Ali (1373 SH): "Tafsir Sharif Lahiji", Tehran: Published Office.
    67. Matridi, Muhammad ibn Muhammad (1426 AH): "Taa’wilat Ahl al-Sunna", Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Alamiya.
    68. Maraghi, Ahmad Mustafa (D): "Tafsir al-Maraghi", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
    69. Mughniyeh, Mohammad Javad (1424 AH): "Tafsir Al-Kashif", Qom: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Islami.
    70. Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad (1413 AH): "Al-Nokat al-Ittiqadiyyah", Qom: Al-Munmar Al-Alami for Sheikh Mufid.
    71. Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1371 SH): "Tafsir Nemoone", Tehran: Islamic Books House.
    72. Mulla Sadra, Muhammad ibn Ibrahim (1360 SH): "Asrar al-Ayat wa Anwar al-Binat", Tehran: Association of Wisdom and Philosophy.
    73. Meybodi, Ahmad ibn Muhammad (1371 SH): "Kashf al-Asrar wa Addat al-Abrar", Tehran: Amir Kabir.

  • Receive Date 17 June 2022
  • Revise Date 25 January 2023
  • Accept Date 30 April 2023
  • Publish Date 20 February 2023